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CHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGY - SHORT COMMUNICATION • Acta Amaz. 54 (1) • Jan-Mar 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202301131   copy

Antioxidant activity and ultrastructural alterations in Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes induced by limonoid-rich fractions from andiroba oil

Atividade antioxidante e alterações ultraestruturais em Leishmania amazonensis induzidas por frações ricas em limonóides do óleo de andiroba

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ABSTRACT

In the Amazon region, andiroba (Carapa guianensis) oil is among the most used products by the local population due to its medicinal properties. Previously, our group described the leishmanicidal activity of three limonoid-rich fractions from andiroba oil. This work aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity and ultrastructural changes in Leishmania amazonensis treated with these limonoid-rich fractions from andiroba oil: 6α,11β-diacetoxygedunin; 11β-hydroxygedunin; and a fraction with both 6α,11β-diacetoxygedunin +11β-hydroxygedunin. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by the DPPH method and ultrastructural changes were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy. The fraction with both 6α,11β-diacetoxygedunin + 11β-hydroxygedunin displayed the best antioxidant activity (IC50 330.35 ± 8.60 µg mL-1; p=0.0022) compared to the 6α,11β-diacetoxygedunin fraction. The three fractions induced structural changes to mitochondria and kinetoplasts of L. amazonensis, in addition to lipid bodies, vacuolization, and vesicles in the flagellar pocket, indicating that the limonoid-rich fractions from andiroba oil can induce structural damage to Leishmania.

KEYWORDS:
leishmaniasis; crabwood; DPPH; transmission electron microscopy; Carapa guianensis

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